Since 1989 fertility and family formation have declined sharply in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet … Union. Fertility rates are converging on - and sometimes falling below - rates in Western Europe, most of which are below …

This paper examines the causal effects of a major change in the German parental leave benefits on fertility. I use the …

involved in the legislative process), we show that an expansion in the welfare state increases the fertility, marriage, and … formation. Nevertheless, we also find that the welfare state decouples marriage and fertility, and therefore, alters the …

This paper investigates the role of childcare provided by grandparents for the fertility decisions of their offspring …-bearing years increases by about five percent the number of children. We show that the fertility effects of delayed retirement are … lowest low fertility we conclude that pension reforms may have had unintended inter-generational effects. This conclusion is …

This paper examines the effects of a major change in German parental transfer system on fertility. I use the largely …-order fertility. Given the recent introduction, this paper evaluates short-run responses by using data from the German Microcensus …-run fertility responses are less pronounced and vary with potential earnings. The heterogeneity is in line with the structure of …

Germany has the lowest birth rate among all OECD countries. To encourage fertility, the federal government has recently … fertility may be reversed through changes in public policy that allow women to combine employment and motherhood. …

benefits on fertility. While generally the reform increased child benefits, the exact amount of the increase varied … substantially by household income and sibship size. We use these heterogeneities to identify their causal effects on fertility in a … positive fertility effects for higher as opposed to lower income couples deciding on a second birth. …