The aim of the article is to clarify the controversies surrounding the relationship between inflation and unemployment … also an increase in inflation. The article, therefore, hypothesises that the relationships between unemployment and … inflation in the countries studied during the above period were unidirectional. To verify this hypothesis, two basic research …

Sharp changes in consumer expenditure may bias inflation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using public data from debit … inflation was higher during the lock-down than suggested by CPI inflation. The annual inflation rate of the COVID price index … lead to inflation being underestimated by more than a quarter of a percentage point until the end of 2020. …

This paper assesses the macroeconomic consequences of a prolonged period of low and falling inflation when monetary … would reduce inflation and stimulate output have contractionary effects on economic activity, once the ZLB interacts with …

Issues of inflation measurement are fundamental to the conduct of monetary policy. Price indices form the foundation of … mechanism for holding independent policymakers accountable. To shed some light on the role of inflation measurement, the annual …: Price indices used by central banks; the role of wages and productivity in inflation policy; and the measurement and …

Long-term inflation expectations in the euro area reached historically low levels at the end of 2019, suggesting a … possible de-anchoring from the European Central Bank’s “below, but close to, 2 per cent” inflation aim. The decline in long …-term inflation expectations exerted a downward pressure on inflation between 2014 and 2016, and in 2019. Counterfactual simulations …