Saudi Arabia, a major oil exporting country, adopted an ambitious plan known as 2030 Vision to diversify its economy through dramatic increases in domestic investment. However, with oil remaining at modest to low prices by recent historical standards, it is important to study the implications of...

This paper empirically explores how fiscal policy - represented by changes in government spending- exerts asymmetric effects on economic growth in the context of a developing country, Egypt in particular. By allowing for the theoretical plausibility of asymmetric effects of fiscal policy on...

This paper aims to provide an empirical investigation of the climate-growth joint dynamics considering exogenous shocks such as the COVID-19 in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with no presumptions imposed on the direction of causality. To quantify climate change, we use...