markets may drive economies into recessions, it shows the following: (1) Liquidity traps may occur not only when interest … flexible exchange rates when the country is stuck in a liquidity trap; (3) Near the fringe of liquidity traps, the risk arises …

liquidity. When we decompose the impact into separate yield components, we find that unconventional shocks decreased the common …

-quality firms. Public liquidity support preserves the overall production capacity. However, by dampening the cleansing effects, it … the expectations of liquidity support that motivate low-quality firms to overinvest pre-crisis. Finally, the size of … on savings discourage firms from self-insurance against crises through internal liquidity accumulation …

excess reserves, implying a structural liquidity surplus in the euro area banking sector. Against this background, the first … part of this paper analyses the Eurosystem's liquidity management during normal times, crisis times and times of too low in … banks operate under a structural liquidity surplus. The model shows that increasing excess reserves have no or even a …