We calibrate to the Brazilian economy a model of means of payment choice, where households have different preferences over anonymity. Financial sector is monopolistically competitive and may break the link between borrowing and lending rates. A sufficiently attractive digital currency reduces...

While the unfolding financial turmoil has involved new elements, more fundamental elements have remained the same. New elements include structured credit, the originate-to-distribute business model and the tri-party repurchase agreement. The recurrence of crises reflects a basic procyclicality...

While the direct effect of lender-of-last-resort (LOLR) facilities is to forestall the default of financial firms that lose funding liquidity, an indirect effect is to allow these firms to minimize deleveraging sales of illiquid assets. This unintended consequence of LOLR facilities manifests...

This paper presents a systematic empirical relationship between money and subsequent prices and output, using US, euro area and Swiss data since the 1960-70s. Monetary developments, unlike interest rate stance measures, are shown to provide qualitative and quantitative information on subsequent...

Central banks have recently introduced new policy initiatives, including a policy called Quantitative Easing (QE). Since it has been argued by the Bank of England that 'Standard economic models are of limited use in these unusual circumstances, and the empirical evidence is extremely limited'...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of the quantitative easing policy, as implemented by the Bank of England in March 2009. Similar policies had been previously implemented in Japan, the U.S. and the Eurozone. The effectiveness is measured by the impact of Bank of England policies...

Central banks have recently introduced new policy initiatives, including a policy called "Quantitative Easing" (QE). Since it has been argued by the Bank of England that "Standard economic models are of limited use in these unusual circumstances, and the empirical evidence is extremely limited"...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of the "quantitative easing" policy, as implemented by the Bank of England in March 2009. Similar policies had been previously implemented in Japan, the U.S. and the Eurozone. The effectiveness is measured by the impact of Bank of England policies...

In this paper, we focus on the role of different types of crises (technological crises, financial market crises, natural disasters) and their effects on the demand for cash in an international context. It becomes evident that over the past 30 years cash demand always increased in times of...

In the light of fears that the SARS-CoV-2 virus might be transmitted via cash – fears that were stoked by statements in the media and from public authorities – this paper aims to address the following issues: (1) to provide a descriptive account of the change in the circulation of euro...