In many ways, the European welfare state constituted a response to the new forms of social fracture and economic turbulence that were born out of industrialization-challenges that were particularly acute for groups whose integration into society seemed the most tenuous. Covering a range of...

The American creed -- The women of the new nation -- Enterprise : commercial and social -- Republican mothers in action -- Social enterprise and the founding of American religious orders -- A market-based social enterprise solution -- The agonizing issue of slavery -- Individualism and social...

Catholic churches in Renaissance Florence supported themselves overwhelmingly from the contributions of wealthy citizens. The sale of private chapels within churches to individuals was a significant source of church funds, and facilitated a church construction boom. Chapel sales offered three...