1. Introduction -- 2. European Integration's First Three Decades. The Challenge of Immigration. Early Steps: Freedom of Movement for Whom? -- 3. 1985-1991: High Hopes and Community Leadership. 1985: Putting Immigration on the Agenda. Guidelines on Migration. The Single European Act. Article 8a...

With twelve new members the decision making in the European Union via intergovernmental cooperation will become ineffective. In order to avoid a Stagno-Europe the EU has a choice: Either it looks for the very essentials in the common institutional frame or the member states agree in ceding...

This paper addresses two main questions: (a) Has European integration hindered the implementation of labour, financial and product market structural reforms? (b) Do the effects of these reforms vary more across sectors than across countries? Using more granular reform measures, longer time...

The European integration process is constantly deepening. In the 90s of the last century the project of the internal market was completed and then Member States started to implement the provisions of a monetary union. Coordination proceeds also in terms of fiscal, structural and to some extent...