Financial crises in developing and transition countries have often proven disruptive to policies and programs due to procyclical trends government spending growth. Given the importance and significant component of public budgets devoted to education and health cuts in government expenditures...

This paper examines the impacts of the 2008-2009 economic crisis on social spending, drawing on evidence at the global, national, and household levels, to provide a sense of the nature and the effects of the worldwide downturn on spending in the social sectors. It summarizes existing empirical...

*What were the causes of the financial and economic crises of 2008-2009?. *What intellectual and policy mistakes prevented academics and policymakers from anticipating the crisis?. *What is the future of financial regulation-both domestic and international?. *What role did global macroeconomic...

The commission on growth and development was established in April 2006 as a response to two observations. While the author felt that the benefits of growth were not fully appreciated, the author recognized that the causes of growth were not fully understood. Growth is often overlooked and...

Contents -- Preface -- I Monetary Policy -- Questions: How Should the Crisis Affect Our Views of Monetary Policy? -- 1 Monetary Policy in the Wake of the Crisis -- 2 Conventional Wisdom Challenged? Monetary Policy after the Crisis -- 3 Lessons for Monetary Policy -- 4 Macroeconomics, Monetary...