The IMF's Vulnerability Exercise (VE) is a cross-country exercise that identifies country-specific near-term macroeconomic risks. As a key element of the Fund's broader risk architecture, the VE is a bottom-up, multi-sectoral approach to risk assessments for all IMF member countries. The VE...

Using the mechanics of creep in material sciences as a metaphor, we present a general framework to understand the evolution of financial, economic and social systems and to construct scenarios for the future. In a nutshell, highly non-linear out-of-equilibrium systems subjected to exogenous...

"This comprehensive historical account tells the story of 200 years of financial panics in America, from 1819 up to the current economic downturn of 2020, showing how and why so many financial crises have occurred in the United States and offering solutions to avoiding these sorts of crises...