.S. economy during the last 40 years. In this paper, we replicate their findings for China and Germany, using detailed firm …

Germany remains Europe's largest and most diversified source of new technology, but still lags in the fastest growing … had supported Germany's leadership in the high-tech industries of the early twentieth century - automobiles, machinery … to new technological stimuli. In addition, Germany's bank-centered capital and inflexible labor markets have long …

Research and development (R&D) expenditure in Germany decreased by 5.3 percent overall in 2020 compared to 2019. While …, it declined more sharply in Germany compared to the financial crisis of 2009; German industry, and here the automotive …