routines irremediably alter. In Romania religion also received some attention in recent theoretical and empirical analyses of …

market in Western Europe facilitated the short-term and definitive emigration. The temporary and definitive departure of a … part of the labour force from the emigration countries led to a significant flow of remittances. Being viewed as the main … receiving country economic growth. The emigration of the labour force may have a positive or a negative influence on the economy …

Two of the main forces driving European emigration in the late nineteenth century were real wage gaps between sending … there is a demographic speed up in the making. Our estimates suggest that the pressure on emigration out of Africa will …

This paper analyses the impact of large and persistent emigration from Eastern European countries over the past 25 … years on these countries' growth and income convergence to advanced Europe. While emigration has likely benefited migrants … paper concludes with policy recommendations for sending countries to mitigate the negative impact of emigration on their …