Okun's law is formulated as the ratio between GDP and unemployment (UE): β = f(GDP/UE). It is used to investigate the … replaced the United States UE with employment (EM) for the years 1977 to 2021 and examined how employment changed relative to … "jobless recovery" is that employment should not increase more rapidly than the real economy. …

The results of previous research suggest that the elasticity of employment with respect to output is not constant … almost non-existent. Using the unemployment gap as the proxy for the maturity of the business cycle phase, this paper seeks … vulnerable to jobless growth. Our specification is based on the employment version of Okun's law, and estimates are provided for …

This paper examines age- and gender-specific employment sensitivity to growth across different economic sectors. By …-, gender-, and sector-specific employment intensities to growth. Our study examines the ability of growth in different sectors … to generate total employment opportunities. Results show that regardless of gender or age, the employment growth is …