the World Development Indicators, to represent deregulation towards more market-driven incentives in renewable energy …

The study seeks to investigate the relationship between electricity consumption and economic development using an … controlling for the role of institutions, technology, emissions, and economic structure in the electricity consumption … test to ascertain the direction of causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic development. The study …

development, characterized by the role of fossil fuels and by the progressive dominance of those with a higher energy and density … countries, compatible with the sustainability of the processes concerning the Earth system. Mainly by focusing on the energy …

This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between electricity consumption and economic growth … panels are not cointegrated. Bidirectional causality between economic growth and electricity consumption both in the short …. Unidirectional short-run causality is found from economic growth to electricity consumption for lower middle income panel and no …

growth, urbanization, electricity consumption, fossil fuel energy consumption, and total natural resources rent on pollutant … economic growth and unhindered energy supply, the enormous threat posed by environmental degradation has further complicated … ARDL-PMG results suggest a statistical positive relationship between pollutant emissions and urbanization, electricity …

and regulation and productivity measurement of the German electricity industry in particular. The methodological approach … and politico-economic background of the German and the US electricity industries. The following two chapters provide …