Energy, just like any other factors of production, plays a vital role in boosting economic growth of nations. Recently, due to the outbreak of war between Ukraine and Russia, instabilities in all world economies have been observed. Russia is one of the largest suppliers of energy in the world,...

FDI from the European Union (EU) ranks before FDI from North America (NA) in some of the Latin American countries. We investigate the impact of EU- versus NA-FDI on the growth rate including about 50 controls. Country specific effects and parameter heterogeneity are incorporated in our...

The paper deals with the efficiency and effectiveness of renewable energy support in Europe in order to achieve the target of 20% of final consumption in 2020. The reconciliation of subsidisation of carbon free energy sources and competition in the energy sector creates serious problems to the...

"Economic development is the most important agenda in the international trading system today, as demonstrated by the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) adopted in the current multilateral trade negotiations of the World Trade Organization (the Doha Round). This book provides a relevant discussion of...