Does democracy increase economic growth? Previous literature tends to find a positive effect but does also suffer from … elections on local economic growth in Indonesia by using a quasi-experimental research method. The first direct elections of … district leaders in Indonesia were performed in a staggered manner, and decided such that the year of election is exogenous …

mediates the effect of elections on government expenditure. To this end, the study employs macrodata spanning 1985-2015 on 43 … African countries for the analysis. Robust evidence from the system GMM estimator shows that: (1) election periods … surprise in election periods. Policy recommendations are provided in the end. …

and looks. Moreover, we take the moderating effect of the electoral system into account. Using a sample of 196 elections …

Despite the growing public debate on fiscal surprise during election periods in jurisdictions where the democratic …, sought to contribute to the debate on two counts. First, the study examines the effect of elections on debt servicing in … Africa. Second, the study investigates the joint effect of economic development and elections on debt servicing in Africa …