The main objective of this paper is to examine the effect growth has on CO2 emissions in Kazakhstan, controlling for … Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis seems to hold for Kazakhstan; this effect at a low level of income increases CO2 but at a high …

productivity, and forested area on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Kazakhstan. Time series data from 1996 to 2020 were utilized … use, and urbanization cause an increase in CO2 emissions by 0.14%, 0.81%, and 1.28% in Kazakhstan. Conversely, a 1 …

the Central Asian countries, specifically Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, between 2000 …