This paper analyzes data from 107 countries, spanning 1971-2009, and grouped into three income-based panels to determine the direction and sign of panel long-run causality between transport energy consumption per capita and real GDP per capita. The methods employed address heterogeneity and (at...

Background: Energy production plays a major role in the Saudi Arabian economy, but energy production can lead to an increase in environmental pollution. Objectives: This study investigated the impact of energy production and trade openness on Saudi Arabia's economic growth and environmental...

Energy leapfrogging may have critical implications for a world that seeks to reduce its fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions, and in which most future economic growth will be concentrated in rapidly growing, industrializing countries rather than in more mature economies. The current...

Energy metrics is the development of a whole new theoretical framework for the conception and measurement of energy and economic performances, energy efficiency and productivity improvements with important political economy implications consistent with the best use of all natural and economic...

This comprehensive Handbook examines the links between energy, the economy, and the environment. Esteemed international experts explore the ways in which energy contributes to economic growth, particularly in the context of geopolitical and climate uncertainties. Highlighting the importance of...