The main purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the impact of energy consumption and economic growth on the environmental degradation as measured by CO2 emissions. We utilize the cointegration test, the fully modified OLS, and the panel causality to examine the causality between...

An energy resource as a production input plays a major role in various economic sectors, including commodity production, transportation, and electricity generation. However, increased energy consumption may lead to more air pollution, resulting in negative health impacts in a society. The main...