The paper examines the role of education in economic growth from both a theoretical and historic perspective, addresses why education has been the limiting factor determining growth historically, provides estimates of the quantitative importance of the direct and indirect effects of education on...

The marginal product of human capital in Mankiw, Romer, and Weil's [1992] augmented Solow model measures the direct and two external effects of human capital created from schooling on national income. If this model is valid, its estimates of the share of this marginal product accruing to workers...

In 1960 Theodore Schultz expounded a human capital theory of economic growth that includes three elements: 1) Countries without much human capital cannot manage physical capital effectively, 2) Economic growth can only proceed if physical capital and human capital rise together, and 3) Human...

I estimate a Solow model augmented with human capital in 42 countries for 1910-2000. Estimated TFP growth is 0.3%/year, and the steady-state rate for GDP/capita is 1.0% year. Implicitly for high-income countries maintaining growth above this rate will be increasingly difficult

We investigate why the economics literature often finds a negative relationship between increased schooling and GDP growth over short periods. We show that increases in GDP in 98 countries during five-year intervals are correlated with the increases in adults' average schooling during the prior...

I use a dynamic Solow growth model, augmented with human capital, labor-hours, and oil prices, to show that Japan’s growth in GDP/adult over 1969-2007 can be explained as a process of convergence to a world steady-state rate of 1%/year. I find that each additional year of average schooling...

Lower ICP 2005 construction prices in developing countries increase the effect of capital on output in PWT 7.1 and 8.0 and cause negative world TFP growth during 1990-2010 in PWT 8.0. The investment data appear to be more accurate in PWT 6.3