The focus of this research is to investigate the role that the gender of life scientists plays in patenting in both academia and industry.The sample group used consists of 1,084 life science PhDs who were enrolled in a university program that obtained a national research award from the National...

Since the 1990s major new players have emerged in science and technology u0096 notably in Asia. The result is an increasingly multi-polar world where science, technology and patent applications are more widely distributed throughout the world. Figure 1 shows that almost 80 % of researchers work...

Nordic cooperation in R&D is part of a broader, long standing cooperation in the Nordic area. This area consists of Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Finland, as well as the autonomous regions the Faroes Greenland and Aaland. The institutional set-up goes back to 1952 with the establishment of...