determining patentable subject matter under the American Patent Act, is used as a starting point for a brief review of historical …, philosophical, and cultural influences on subject matter questions in both patent and copyright law. The article suggests that … patent and copyright law jurisprudence was constructed initially by the Court with explicit attention to the relationship …

This paper examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on domestic innovation based on a data set covering … show that there is a negative horizontal spillover effect of FDI on domestic innovation when the intellectual property … on why developing countries should encourage FDI and strengthen the IPR regime together to enhance domestic innovation …

European countries over four decades (1980-2019), using citation records and patent quality indicators from OECD/STI Micro …-data. KC-HEI makes possible analysis of the Institutions' innovation performance across 128 internationally comparable …

attendant constellation of tacit knowledge regarding the interpretation and application of the information in the patent. The … through the patent system also provides important stability to attendant tacit knowledge. Patent doctrines regarding prior art … patent procurement and enforcement must take such effects into account …

economic areas: USA, Japan and Europe. In each economic area, we exploit information from two international patent offices data …, the United States Patent and Trademarks Office data and the European Patent Office data. In this way, we can investigate … the existing literature is that we introduce a patent inventors approach to measure the proximity between the firms …

Collaboration over distance is difficult to maintain in innovation projects which require a great deal of regional … collaboration. However, patent documents reveal that a number of inventor teams are able to overcome long distances. Earlier … literature started to investigate factors, which increase the probability of long-distance innovation co-operation. The paper at …

We study how fragmentation of patent rights ('patent thickets') and the formation of the Court of Appeal for the … Federal Circuit (CAFC) affected the duration of patent disputes, and thus the speed of technology diffusion through licensing …. We develop a model of patent litigation which predicts faster settlement agreements when patent rights are fragmented and …

Novelty is a basic requirement of patent law. An inventor cannot obtain a patent if the invention exists in the “prior …-filed patent document qualifies as prior art as of its filing date — even though the document does not become accessible to the … invention to the public; administrative delay of public accessibility due to Patent Office procedures should not count against …

: USA, Japan and Europe. In each economic area, we use information from two international patent systems to construct the … technological proximity for 240 international firms. In particular, we select firms’ patents from United States Patent and … Trademarks Office (USPTO) data and European Patent Office (EPO) data. In order to compute the technological proximity, we follow …

protection methods in an industry on the innovation activities of firms using external knowledge. One goal is to assess if firms … have moved to a more open innovation business model, i.e. allow more knowledge spillovers to occur despite using protection … methods. Our estimations show that the usage of both, patents and secrecy, hinders the innovation activities of firms through …