This paper provides a comprehensive economic analysis of scheduling decisions in an airline network. Although it is widely believed that the growth of hub-and-spoke networks has raised fight frequencies, the only analysis of this question is contained in a recent paper by Berechman and Shy...

We analyze a model of cost-reducing R&D and compatibility decisions by two platforms. After an exogenous improvement in the efficiency of R&D, each platform has a heightened incentive to make its software incompatible with the rival's hardware device to avoid being dominated in the hardware...