This article examines how women's efforts at capital accumulation and wealth production in late nineteenth … men and women that called into question women's financial capabilities, their relationship to money and the financial … markets, and their capacity to translate their wealth into political power. Popular American ideals about an individual …

higher marriage rates for women and lower for men. Land abundance favored higher fertility. The demands of childcare … opportunities outside the home. Frontier women were less likely to report "gainful employment," but among those who did, relatively … more had high-status occupations. Together, these findings integrate contrasting narratives about frontier women …

women's BMIs in the US and how they varied with economic development. This study shows that after controlling for … characteristics, African-American women had greater BMIs than lighter complexioned black and white women. Women from the Southwest … were taller and had lower BMIs than women born elsewhere within the US. However, women's BMIs did not vary by occupations …