Workplace tournaments are one likely contributor to gender differences in labor market outcomes. Relative to men, women … environment that may produce more gender-neutral outcomes: tournaments with safeguards. In our experiments, participants take part … in a tournament with a real effort task and choose whether they want to have a complimentary safeguard that guarantees …

laboratory experiment solve a simple arithmetics task first under a piece rate and then under a competitive tournament scheme … contraceptives to determine the importance of sex hormones in explaining gender differences in competitiveness. Participants in a … of progesterone on competitiveness and our results therefore provide a partial biological explanation for gender …

The underrepresentation of women at the top of hierarchies is often explained by gender differences in preferences. We … characterized by self-selection into an uncertain, competitive and male-dominated environment. We observe gender differences in … playing behavior consistent with women being more averse towards risk and competition. Moreover, we demonstrate how "shying …

Women are less willing than men to compete against others. This gender gap can partially explain the differences … between women’s and men’s education and career choices, and the labor market disparities that result. The experiments … striving towards gender equality, this opens up new possibilities for institutionalizing competitive pressure. …

's substantive gender-related selection into competition. Nonetheless, women who are overconfident, i.e. over-estimate own abilities … in performing a task, enter competition regardless of the gender-mix. Hence, the gender-pairing phenomenon is driven by …This paper addresses the behavioral puzzle of women's preference for competition when competitors are also women. Using …

this question by combining a large online experiment (N=2,086) with machine learning. We find that when losing is … unequivocally due to merit, both men and women exhibit a significant decrease in subsequent tournament entry. However, when the … prior tournament is unfair, i.e., a loss is no longer necessarily based on merit, women are more discouraged than men. These …

this question by combining a large online experiment (N=2,086) with machine learning. We find that when losing is … unequivocally due to merit, both men and women exhibit a significant decrease in subsequent tournament entry. However, when the … prior tournament is unfair, i.e., a loss is no longer necessarily based on merit, women are more discouraged than men. These …

this question by combining a large online experiment (N=2,086) with machine learning. We find that when losing is … unequivocally due to merit, both men and women exhibit a significant decrease in subsequent tournament entry. However, when the … prior tournament is unfair, i.e., a loss is no longer necessarily based on merit, women are more discouraged than men. These …

; Gender ; Competition ; Aggression ; Dominance ; Risk-taking ; Endocrinological economics … with salivary progesterone when controlling for gender, the use of hormonal contraceptives, and demographics. This also …

There is ample evidence that women do not react to competition as men do and are less willing to enter a competition … understand the underlying motives of women (and men) to enter a competition or avoid it. We use the Big Five personality factors … settings. We first test whether scores on the Big Five are related to performance in our experiment, and second how this is …