family and female employment in Mongolia in 2016. We examine the availability of childcare, social norms and attitudes … probability of female employment relative to women with no small children. In particular, women with two children aged one to six … employment and earnings of women, there is little evidence focusing on the post-communist region. This paper exploits the latest …

-Economic Survey (HSES) to examine the correlation between the presence of children of different age categories in a family and female … employment in Mongolia in 2016. We examine the availability of childcare, social norms and attitudes towards women, as well as … household decision-making as potential explanations. We find that small children decrease the probability of female employment …

+ benefit, the employment-to-population ratio for women aged 25-39 (the most likely age group to be raising children and …This paper investigates the relationship between the implementation of the Family 500+ benefit, changes in female … employment and female economic inactivity. The analysis is based on macro data and is focused on the years 2016-2019. To examine …

working on the basis of the self-employment occupation of other relatives in their households. Family workers are classified … older) who were likely providing informal and unenumerated labor for market production in support of a family business, that … is, unreported family workers. These individuals are identified as not having a reported occupation, but are likely to be …

benefits to children, and extend choice for parents in finding their preferred work-life strategy. Indeed, the United States …The United States is at a crossroads in its policies towards the family and gender equality. Currently America provides … basic support for children, fathers, and mothers in the form of unpaid parental leave, child-related tax breaks, and limited …

contraception to the childcare subsidy are 0.65 and -0.10, respectively. However, we do not find effects on employment arrangements …We consider the effects of a paid childcare leave subsidy on maternal behavior in South Korea using a difference …-in-difference design and a fertility survey with information on conception, contraception, and labor supply arrangements. Childcare …

This paper analyzes how statutory entitlements to maternity or parental leave affect female entry into self-employment … that utilization of statutory parental leave decreases women's probability to switch into self-employment. This effect is …

Many countries are reviewing immigration policy, focusing on wage and employment effects for workers whose jobs may be … threatened by immigration. Less attention is given to effects on prices of goods and services. The effect on childcare prices is … affected by the difficulty of combining work and family. New research suggests immigration lowers the cost of household …

wages and increase employment in immigrant-intensive sectors. In light of the over-representation of the foreign-born in the … childcare industry, this paper examines whether college-educated native women respond to immigrant-induced lower cost and … potentially more convenient childcare options with increased fertility. An analysis of U.S. Census data between 1980 and 2000 …