Do gender disparities in academia reflect that female scholars are held to higher standards than males? We address this question by comparing the scientific merit of male and female academic economists who make the same career step. Across four domains - i.e. faculty positions, network...

This paper describes the very different role played by female elites in contemporary developing countries, as compared to the 'early' industrializing countries of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. It shows that women are far more important in business and politics in today's developing...

Women are underrepresented in economics. This underrepresentation concerns undergraduates, postgraduates, and tenured academics and increases as one climbs the academic ladder (See e.g. Ginther & Kahn 2004, Fraumenti 2010, 2009, Rask & Tiefenthaler 2008, Toivanen 2009).This paper proposes a...

Worldwide, women remain underrepresented in management roles, and the environment in which women are professionally trained seems to matter. This study exploits a setting where college students are split into two groups based on entry-level scores. Throughout college, students in the same group...

In an effort to reduce the gender gap in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), policymakers often propose providing women with close mentoring by female scientists. This is based on the idea that female scientists might act as role models and counteract negative...

In an effort to reduce the gender gap in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), policymakers often propose providing women with close mentoring by female scientists. This is based on the idea that female scientists might act as role models and counteract negative...

This paper studies the consequences of a curriculum reform of the last two years of high school in one of the German federal states on the share of male and female students who complete degrees in STEM subjects and who later work in STEM occupations. The reform had two important aspects: (i) it...

Gender disparities in STEM fields participation are a major cause of concern for policymakers around the world. In addition to talent misallocation, low female enrollment rates in STEM careers contribute to gender-based inequalities in earnings and wealth, given the higher average level of...