. When only skilled workers are mobile, there is a sub-optimal shift from taxes to fees and the number of students is too low …. When also students can migrate, there is a countervailing force such that maintaining the optimal financial mix becomes …

integration of migrant and native students. In contrast to previous studies, which mainly examine the effect of the share of … classroom. Our analysis is based on a comprehensive survey of 4th-grade students in German primary schools, which contains … detailed information on students' language and math scores, their social integration, as well as on sociodemographic and school …

addressing unobserved residence-country features, we find similar results when assigning migrant students their country …