periods characterized by sustainable linear trends in the difference between the headline consumer price index (CPI) and the … the evolution of motor fuel price (a subcategory of the consumer price index of transportation) relative to the core CPI … as a linear function of time. Under our framework, all price deviations from this linear trend are transient and the …

orders of magnitude in 2012, and oil-exporting countries were far less likely to pass on price increases. Gasoline had the … price increases, defined as the share of gross domestic product spent on net oil imports, rose considerably. Considering … pass-through to consumers of increases in world prices of gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas between …