This paper examines why unsolicited ratings tend to be lower than solicited ratings. Both self-selection among issuers and strategic conservatism of rating agencies may be reasonable explanations. Analyses of default incidences of non-U.S. borrowers between January 1996 and December 2006 show...

1. Introduction2. Changing Role of Banks in the Financial System3. Defining a Business Model in Banks4. Identification of Business Models5. Bank Business Models and Financial Stability Assessment6. Business Models, Ownership, Organisational Structures and Size7. Migration of Business Models8....

1. Introduction -- 2. Changing Role of Banks in the Financial System -- 3. Defining a Business Model in Banks -- 4. Identification of Business Models -- 5. Bank Business Models and Financial Stability Assessment -- 6. Business Models, Ownership, Organisational Structures and Size -- 7. Migration...