The demographic history of the Jews in the Middle Ages may be characterized by two main phenomena: i) a sharp drop in the number of Jews until the beginning of the modern period, due mainly to conversions; and, ii) early urbanization. Until now, these features have been analyzed as primarily...

The International Jewish Labor Bund after 1945 charts the efforts of the surviving remnants of the movement to salvage something from the wreckage. Covering both the Bundists who stayed in communist Eastern Europe and those who emigrated to the United States, France, Australia, and Isreal, the...