This study addresses whether North Korea-China trade dilutes the effectiveness of the unilateral sanctions imposed by … in size and trade type dilutes the effectiveness of the unilateral sanctions imposed by South Korea in particular. South … Korea's economic sanctions significantly boost North Korea's exports to China, and the export increase has been substantial …

Using a new, global data base covering the years 1950 to 2015, we study the impact of sanctions on international trade …

This paper introduces the fourth release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDBR4). Covering the period 1950-2023, it … combine it with trade data until 2023, and we investigate the effects of the recent sanctions on Russia's trade within an … effects. The implication is that such trade cost decreases may be sufficient to offset the effects of Western sanctions on …

This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the …-R3 has been amended with a new variable that distinguishes between unilateral and multilateral sanctions. As before, the … highlight one of the new features of the GSDB, we estimate the heterogeneous effects of unilateral and multilateral sanctions on …

Orlowski's paper is an important contribution to the literature on monetary policy in transition economies. It studies … how variant monetary policies conducted in leading transition economies, Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic, have …

Financial sanctions, alongside economic sanctions, are components of the toolkit used by governments as part of … international diplomacy. The use of sanctions, especially financial, has increased over the last seventy years. Financial sanctions …. Financial sanctions restrict entities-countries, businesses, or even individuals-from purchasing or selling financial assets, or …

The effect of sanctions, oil revenues, exchange rate, and inflation on different regimes of the Iranian stock market is … sanctions and inflation, respectively. Considering the institutional quality case, inflation brings about an improvement in the …. Accordingly, within increasing the sanctions case, if the institutional quality has been also enhanced; an increase in the number …

that crude oil is not a homogenous good and that the relevant substitutability for analyzing the impact of trade sanctions … in crude oil refining resulting from sanctions. …

This study investigates the case of Iran to evaluate how changes in the intensity of international sanctions affect … indicate that higher intensity sanctions may allow sender country governments to put pressure on target country political … regimes without risking an outbreak of major violent conflicts. Therefore, more intensive sanctions, may also not be helpful …

This study investigates the case of Iran to evaluate how changes in the intensity of international sanctions affect … indicate that higher intensity sanctions may allow sender country governments to put pressure on target country political … regimes without risking an outbreak of major violent conflicts. Therefore, more intensive sanctions, may also not be helpful …