This study addresses whether North Korea-China trade dilutes the effectiveness of the unilateral sanctions imposed by … in size and trade type dilutes the effectiveness of the unilateral sanctions imposed by South Korea in particular. South … Korea's economic sanctions significantly boost North Korea's exports to China, and the export increase has been substantial …

This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the …-R3 has been amended with a new variable that distinguishes between unilateral and multilateral sanctions. As before, the … highlight one of the new features of the GSDB, we estimate the heterogeneous effects of unilateral and multilateral sanctions on …

This paper introduces the fourth release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDBR4). Covering the period 1950-2023, it … combine it with trade data until 2023, and we investigate the effects of the recent sanctions on Russia's trade within an … effects. The implication is that such trade cost decreases may be sufficient to offset the effects of Western sanctions on …

Using a new, global data base covering the years 1950 to 2015, we study the impact of sanctions on international trade …

Orlowski's paper is an important contribution to the literature on monetary policy in transition economies. It studies … how variant monetary policies conducted in leading transition economies, Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic, have …

firms adopt when exposed to sanctions. We also assess how these strategies affect firms' financial performance. Research … sanctions. Proactive adaptation strategies positively impact financial performance. Agility and international experience are … mutually reinforcing. Implications & Recommendations: When exposed to the sanctions regime, proactive adaptation strategies …

In response to international sanctions, Russia has restructured its hydrocarbon commerce through trade deflection …, identifying specific shifts in trade flows by product, country, and enterprises. Findings reflected that after sanctions were … a strategic response to sanctions. This strategy has mitigated the adverse impacts on Russian oil and gas industry, with …

Under extraterritorial sanctions the sanctioning country extends its policies to trade of third countries with the … game-theoretic model to explain the emergence of extraterritorial sanctions. Such trade sanctions i) do not arise when the … emergence of extraterritorial trade sanctions. …

Financial sanctions, alongside economic sanctions, are components of the toolkit used by governments as part of … international diplomacy. The use of sanctions, especially financial, has increased over the last seventy years. Financial sanctions …. Financial sanctions restrict entities-countries, businesses, or even individuals-from purchasing or selling financial assets, or …