Pecking order models of international finance suggest that countries should become less reliant on international bank lending as they develop. Reduced information costs are one of the factors behind this trend towards disintermediation. This paper presents a simple model on the choice between...

This paper examines how cross-border differences in the stringency of bank regulations affect U.S. banks' international activities. The analysis relies on a unique bank-level dataset on the globally most active U.S. banks' balance sheet as well as their cross-border, foreign affiliate lending...

This paper examines how cross-border differences in the stringency of bank regulations affect U.S. banks' international activities. The analysis relies on a unique bank-level dataset on the globally most active U.S. banks' balance sheet as well as their cross-border, foreign affiliate lending...

In this paper, I explore the determinants of foreign bias in international portfolio investment focusing on a behavioral explanation. Specifically, I investigate whether investors having a stronger uncertainty aversion perceive a foreign country to be more unfamiliar than those with less such...

Japan has endeavored to develop its capital Tokyo as one of the top global financial centers for a long time. In 2014, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government presented new initiatives as part of the sustainable economic growth strategies by taking advantage of the global attention given to the 2020...