This objective of this econometrics study is to utilize Pesaran's (2001) Bounds Test to cointegration to study the relationship between gold prices and the US unemployment rate, using three different periods of monthly observation, Model I: 1978-2016, Model II: 1990-2016, and Model III:...

Using the overcharge estimates for 406 cartel episodes, I evaluate the impact of cartel characteristics and market environment on the size of the overcharges imposed by cartels in different geographic markets and during six antitrust law regimes starting from the 18th century. I find that the...

The growing interest in global value chains (GVCs) has been paired with a greater appreciation of the need for better measurement methods, as reflected by recent initiatives from academia and leading international organizations. This research note focuses on one method to measure GVCs that has...

The Equator Principles are a set of voluntary social and environmental guidelines that apply to the majority of private commercial banks engaged in project finance, which is a method of financing often used to create large infrastructure projects. The Equator Principles provide ten standards to...

In attempts to attract foreign investment many developing countries find export processing zones (EPZs) appealing. Namibia, for example, sought to establish an EPZ around the uranium mining town of Arandis. This paper is a critical response to that initiative. It reviews a number of EPZ schemes...

A capital market is a market for securities (debt or equity), where business enterprises and governments can raise long-term funds. It is defined as a market in which money is provided for periods longer than a year. The capital market includes the stock market (equity securities) and the bond...

Communities are constantly seeking to manage the damages which are caused by crises. In this regard, health centers have become the most expensive unit of the health system as they provide quick and timely health care services to reduce the effects of unexpected accidents. So, their planning and...