-shaped or downward-sloping pattern. Corruption may affect this relationship in two distinct ways: by raising pollution at given … corruption on pollution. The indirect effect via income is positive or negative depending on the income level. If negative, the … corruption. Because this relationship is particularly strong at low income levels, developing countries can considerably improve …

A new line of theoretical and empirical literature emphasizes the pivotal role of fair institutions for growth. We … dramatic drop in cooperation (and growth), when inequality is increased by a selfserving dictator. No such effect is observed … adverse growth effect of the interaction between the degree and the genesis of inequality. We conclude that economies giving …