The ongoing sovereign debt crisis in Europe and U.S. is challenging the conventional wisdom and is creating fears of a double dip recession in 2012. Massive levels of debt and consumption beyond means and speedy financial innovation with lax regulation has put major economies in a deep hole....

Among the important factors in the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009 was an large ethical breakdown in the financial sector that preceded it. The sources of good behavior are multiple but religion ranks high among them. In thinking about the role of religion, most people think first of Judaism,...

The marketing and sales polices of Iranian crude oil have been revised and changed after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. Production policy that drastically cut back production in order to maintain oil reserves for future generations. In terms of marketing Iranian crude oil, the new revolutionary...

In the last two decades, free markets have swept the globe, bringing with them enormous potential for positive change. But traditional capitalism cannot solve problems like inequality and poverty, because it is hampered by a narrow view of human nature in which people are one-dimensional beings...

The purpose of this background paper is i) to synthesize the discussions regarding the concept of human development, so as to inform the 2010 Report’s definition, and ii) drawing on the extensive policy and academic literatures, to propose relationships between the concept of human development...

The policy of sustainable development requires reductions in growth of human populations to promote environmental sustainability and economic development. The objective is to control environmental catastrophism and advance financial growth with population policies on a global scale to foster...

The petroleum industry is confronted with severe deficits in the institutional framework for global business. In order to fill the gap, companies react with voluntary commitments to ecological, social and governance standards. This study analyses a broad variety of Best Practice projects in...

Economic freedom is an important contributor to growth and prosperity within countries and across the globe, as well as a key component of individual liberty in the classical liberal tradition. Many ethicists and social scientists criticise the relative distribution of the benefits of economic...

Today, there are a lot of studies on climate change and sustainability from social sciences’ perspectives. Achievements of sociology, psychology or political sciences can be extremely helpful in designing, adopting, implementing and evaluating of effective climate and sustainability policy....

After World War II the continent of Europe was devastated both structurally and economically by the war. George C. Marshall is the man who can be considered the father of outsourcing and foreign aid, because of his military skills and training he was able to devise a foreign policy plan as an...