The empirical finding of an inverse U-shaped relationship between per capita income and pollution, the so-called Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), suggests that as countries experience economic growth, environmental deterioration decelerates and thus becomes less of an issue. Focusing on the...

It is worldwide held that there are many reasons causing shadow economy. It is also well known that shadow economy affects many sectors of the economy and it is difficult to be restricted without side-effects. The contribution of the present article is the introduction of a new shadow economy...

This paper evaluates short-run out-of-sample exchange rate predictability with real-time data for 15 OECD countries from 1973 to 2013. We consider the Taylor rule fundamentals model, where the variables that enter the Taylor rule are used to forecast exchange rate changes, and the Taylor rule...

I examine the relative information roles among West Texas Intermediate spot crude price and four futures contracts (F1 through F4) with different maturities. Using a cointegrated system with a non-unitary cointegrating vector, I address price discovery by investigating which price is more...

Current empirical growth models limit the determinants of country growth to geographic, economic, and institutional variables. This study draws on conflict variables from the Correlates of War (COW) project to ask a critical question: How do different types of conflict affect country growth...

Although cross section relationships are often taken to indicate causation, and especially the important impact of economic growth on many social phenomena, they may, in fact, merely reflect historical experience, that is, similar leader-follower country patterns for variables that are causally...

In the present paper it will be shown empirically that more severe regulations (public sector taxation and product market regulations) tend to restrict shadow economy. The sample covers EU, USA and Japan. Data are taken from OECD and (Schneider et al., 2010); (Schneider, 2013). The elaboration...

To enrich the debate about the fiscal effectiveness of sovereign wealth funds, this paper explores the effect of sovereign wealth funds (more precisely sovereign oil funds, SOFs) on the government spending in real term and as a share of GDP. First, we evaluate the relationship between the...

This study tested the unbiased pricing hypothesis in the copper, aluminum, nickel, and lead markets for the period October 2011 to May 2021. Wavelets and a time-varying parameter model with Bayesian priors were the primary tools. Each metal market was found to be weak market efficient, the...

Available data on production parameters of the newly born Arabian Gulf countries are very scarce. Truly, they are extremely rich with their oil and natural gas reserves. However, it is basic in an economy to generate other sources of income from created economic sectors. In the present study I...