the vast majority of countries. Third, in many countries with low levels of education for both men and women in 1960 … better. Fourth, gender gaps rarely persist in countries where boys attain high levels of education. Most countries with large … education than men in some regions of the world. Although gender gaps in educational attainment are diminishing in most …

Estimates of the effect of education on GDP (the social return) have been hard to reconcile with micro evidence on the …-biased technological progress and use cross-country panel data on inequality and GDP to test these ideas. A one-year increase in the level … of education reduces the private return by 2 percentage points, consistent with Katz-Murphy's (1992) elasticity of …

partly to the redistributive effect of education spending. In the model income inequality and growth depend in an inverted U …-tax inequality if it spent more on education. …In many OECD countries income inequality has risen, but surprisingly redistribution as well. The theory attributes this …