Efficiency generally translates to better financial performance and profitability and, thus, is often taken into … dimensions, it is important to discuss the integration of the sustainability concept with banking efficiency and financial … presence of considerations on bank financial performance and efficiency. Such indicators can be used in multiple frameworks …

achieving risk-return efficiency. We first estimate the expected returns, risks, and financial distress risk proxy (the inverse … z-score), then apply the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to obtain the risk-return efficiency score for each bank …, and finally conduct ordered logit regressions of bank ratings on estimated risks, risk-return efficiency, and the inverse …