It is time for the EU member states to start collectively supervising non-EU FDI in Europe’s defence industries and infrastructures. This should be a prudent element of the nascent EDTIB and a way to maintain European security by encouraging greater coordination between the national...

China produces more than 90% of global rare earth minerals, all with crucial applications in the European economy. Recent export cuts by China in these minerals have raised a number of trade-related, economic and strategic concerns. Analysing the problem, this paper asks what the EU’s response...