In this study, using the World Bank's Bank Regulation and Supervision Survey (BRSS) data, we draw insights about the bank regulatory/supervisory styles, illustrate the differences in regulation/supervision among crisis, non-crisis and BRICS countries, and highlight the ways in which bank...

This paper explores the drivers of bank account ownership, which represents a main access path to financial inclusion, considered by the United Nations as a fundamental pillar of economic growth and social inclusion in its 2030 agenda for sustainable development. The objective of the current...

This study investigates the individual impact of credit information sharing and corruption as well as their interaction on financial development, using a sample of 120 countries for the period 2004-2017. Public credit registries (PCR) and private credit bureaus (PCB) are used as proxies for the...

Besides the often mentioned driving factors behind inequality like globalization, demography, technological progress, or the different accumulation of human capital financial development and the structure of the financial sector were long overlooked. Furthermore, the economic analysis of income...

This study discusses the current state of knowledge on the financial development and economic growth by reviewing the most decisive theoretical and empirical contributions. It is obvious that financial development is at least correlated with economic development and that a sound and refined...

How have credit markets evolved in the long-run around the world? I present evidence based on a novel sectorally disaggregated dataset on credit to the private sector for 120 countries for 1940-2014, as well as new series on total credit going back to 1910. Over the last 50 years, household...

This paper builds a dataset on bank ownership that covers more than 6,500 banks in 181 countries (59 low-income economies, 72 middle-income economies, and 50 high-income economies) over 1995-2020. I show that until 2010, there was a reduction in state-ownership of banks and an increase foreign...

The relationships among competition in the financial sector, access of firms to external financing, and associated economic growth are ambiguous in theory. Moreover, measuring competition in the financial sector can be complex. In this paper Claessens and Laeven first estimate for 16 countries a...

Against a background of regulatory uncertainty, this article contends that voluntary action by the banking industry has potential to facilitate climate change mitigation and the transition to a low-carbon economy. First, it evidences the relationship between the banking industry and climate...