This paper examines different models of governing structure found in metropolitan areas around the world. It evaluates how well these models achieve the coordination of service delivery over the entire metropolitan area as well as the extent to which they result in the equitable sharing of costs...

This report provides a synthesis of main findings from the OECD Port-Cities Programme, created in 2010 in order to assess the impact of ports on their cities and provide policy recommendations to increase the positive impacts of ports on their cities.

Shipping emissions in ports are substantial, accounting for 18 million tonnes of CO2 emissions, 0.4 million tonnes of NOx, 0.2 million of SOx and 0.03 million tonnes of PM10 in 2011. Around 85% of emissions come from containerships and tankers. Containerships have short port stays, but high...

Shipping could – in one way - be considered a relatively clean transport mode. This is particularly the case if one takes the angle of emissions per tonne-kilometre. Typical ranges of CO2 efficiencies of ships are between 0 and 60 grams per tonne-kilometre, this range is 20-120 for rail...

Introduction / Enid Slack and Rupak Chattopadhyay -- Canberra, Australia / Graham Sansom -- Brussels, Belgium / Caroline van Wynesberghe -- Ottawa, Canada / Almos Tassonyi -- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia / Assefa Fiseha -- Berlin, Germany / Horst Zimmermann -- New Delhi, India / Om Prakash Mathur --...