Recent immigration policies have created massive uncertainty for international students to obtain F-1 visas. Yet … examine how the anticipated F-1 visa restrictiveness influences US undergraduate enrollment outcomes of international students … international student enrollment in the US. The decreases are larger among international students with higher measured academic …

hypotheses are tested empirically in augmented aid-growth models, first, by considering the political ideology of both … suggested by Clemens et al. (2012), indicate that (a) aid tends to be less effective when political ideology differs between the …