This paper reviews the literature on how retailers, by their individual behavior or as a group, influence international trade flows, and on how trade affects the structure of the retail industry. After reviewing the evidence, we discuss theoretical contributions set in an oligopolistic,...

"As the global market continues to recuperate from economic downfall, it is essential for private label products to find ways to compete with alternatives offered by wholesale and national retailers. In many cases, it becomes difficult for off-brand products to generate market appeal when...