This paper examines the determinants of bilateral environmental aid to mitigate climate change, using an empirically testable multilateral framework in which both donors and recipient countries compete in world export markets. Potential donors tend to behave strategically, weighing environmental...

The paper examines the determinants of environmental aid, using an empirically testable multilateral framework in which both donors and recipient countries compete in world export markets. Potential donors tend to behave strategically, weighing environmental benefits against the economic costs...

The reduction of SOx, NOx, and PM can be helpful to the environment and human health. However, due to their potential to cool the atmosphere, the reduction of such emissions may intensify the global warming, creating a seeming dilemma to policy makers. This paper uses the shipping Emission...

Our paper contributes to the common ownership debate by empirically assessing the link between common ownership and profitability as a proxy for market competition. Rather than focusing on single industries, as most related studies do, we assess the common ownership hypothesis in the aggregate,...