This study seeks to identify the specifics of personal data protection in the context of EU legislation. The focus is on the personal data transferred outside the Union. It is described how the EU data protection law provides specific measures in order to ensure the protection of individuals and...

The General Data Protection Regulation (the GDPR) of the European Union (EU) emerges as a hot-button issue in contemporary global politics, policies, and business. Based on an omnibus legal substance, extensive extraterritorial scope and influential market powers, it appears as a standard for...

The debate about the economic power of large tech firms has led to the insight that due to the key role of personal data on large digital platforms competition and privacy issues are deeply intertwined. This leads also to a complex relationship between competition law and data protection (or...

Two recent cases, Tennant Energy v. Canada and Elliott Associates v. Korea, demonstrate an emerging yet unresolved applicable law issue in investment arbitration: whether a local personal data protection law should be applied in the absence of parties’ choice. This paper explores this issue...