This paper, the first of two on global oil theft and fraud, discusses the prevalence, methods, and consequences of … are conducted. The mixing of legal commercial operations with illegal oil theft activities and fraud obscures many oil … global oil theft, valued at US$133 billion per year and equivalent to 5-7 per cent of the global market for crude oil and …

This second of two papers on global oil theft discusses ways to reduce oil theft, misappropriation, and fraud. At US … revenue in 2019. Organized oil crime syndicates are often transnational and conduct theft and fraud professionally, exploiting …-on-crime activities. Twelve commonalities in oil theft and fraud have been identified that can direct international solutions, in three …