We present a simple model that illustrates how democracy may improve the quality of economic institutions. The model … further suggests that institutional quality varies more across autocracies than across democracy and that the positive effect … of democracy on institutional quality is increasing in people's human capital. Using a new panel data set, covering 140 …

This paper shows how a world price shock can increase the likelihood that democratization must be used to resolve the … price shock can push the country into a situation where the elite face a commitment problem that only democratization can … of national income per capita and democracy may not be positively correlated. The model is also useful for understanding …

This paper examines the mechanisms by which democracy clauses promote democracy and domestic political stability. It … among member states, which in turn raises the stakes for the member states to collectively defend democratic institutions … in the world. The econometric analyses of RIO coup rates and democratic backsliding rates demonstrate that democracy …