This paper discusses the relation between trade and competition, revising the literature and using indicators, build … domestic competition is explained by concentration indices, such as CR4 and HHI, which show positive correlation with profit … evaluating trade and competition policies in the context of the Brazilian economy. …

We develop models of bilateral oligopoly with two-way traffic exchanges to study the impact of competition and … prices for fixed settlement rates. Both competition and the PRR tend to increase net settlement payments. The overall market …