This study undertakes an analysis of the risks in retakāful whether they are shared by the participating takāful operators (TOs) and retakāful fund, or are transferred to retakāful operators (RTOs). In the latter case RTOs become liable for deficits where the losses, if any, would directly...

A major factor behind this crisis is financialization of the system, with a growing disconnect between the monetary and the real sector. Some proponents of the Islamic finance claim such financial crisis would have been avoided, if asset-backed Islamic finance were adopted. However, while...

The objective of this study is to engage parties in dialogues and trade for conflict management and thus establishing peace, security and harmony across the nations. This study is based on a theoretical multiple regression model and attempts to conceptualize the real world challenges in everyday...

Many forces are making the world increasingly smaller and a movement for global citizenship is underway. Better technology and transportation now facilitating greater mobility among people; borders for ideas, in particular, are virtually disappearing. Many national and international organizations...