A variety of researchers and public entities have estimated the prevalence of nontraditional work arrangements — using diverse definitions — in recent decades, and the topic has received increasing attention in the past five years. Despite numerous media reports that the prevalence...

This paper examines the earnings premiums associated with different types of employment in 73 countries. Workers are divided into four categories: Non-professional own-account workers, employers and own-account professionals, informal wage employees, and formal wage employees. Approximately half...

This paper examines the earnings premiums associated with different types of employment in 73 countries. Workers are divided into four categories: Non-professional own-account workers, employers and own-account professionals, informal wage employees, and formal wage employees. Approximately half...

We examine the role of the Indian diaspora in the outsourcing of work to India. Our data are taken from oDesk, the world’s largest online platform for outsourced contracts. Despite oDesk minimizing many of the frictions that diaspora connections have traditionally overcome, diaspora...

Purpose—Amidst burgeoning attention for global value chains (GVCs) in international business (IB), this paper identifies a clear “missing link” in this literature, and discusses implications for research and corporate social responsibility (CSR) policy-making and...

This paper presents findings from two rounds (2020 and 2021) of a study on the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on informal workers in 11 cities across five regions of the world (Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and North America). The study, carried out by the WIEGO network in...

Using logistic and multilevel logistic modelling we examine non-response at the school and pupil level to the important educational achievement survey Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) for England. The analysis exploits unusually rich auxiliary information on all schools and...

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the varying level of employment in informal sector enterprises across the globe and to undertake an exploratory analysis of the wider economic and social conditions associated with greater levels of informalization. Examining International Labor Organization...

A variety of researchers and public entities have estimated the prevalence of nontraditional work arrangements - using diverse definitions - in recent decades, and the topic has received increasing attention in the past five years. Despite numerous media reports that the prevalence of...